Monash Pipe Evaluation Platform

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Single Pipe Analysis

Liner Properties Host pipe properties/loading Composite check Outputs

Step I: Liner Properties

Locate by Pipe ID:

(Found in pipe library) (Not found in pipe library)

Liner type:

Liner type: The liner type used in the Platform either cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) or polymeric spray liner (spray).

Accepted Values: CIPP or Spray

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Reinforcement type :

Reinforcement type: The reinforcing fibres used in the CIPP liner. Can be categorised as either GFRP (Glass fibres) or FRP (Polymeric fibres). The reinforcement type indicates whether the liner is susceptible to fatigue or not.
Accepted Values: GFRP or FRP

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Liner class:

Liner class: Liner class following ISO 11295 (2017). The following classes are used:
D – Non-structural liner that provides an internal barrier layer
C – Semi-structural liner that survives long-term hole and gap spanning
B – Semi-structural liner with inherent ring stiffness
A – Fully structural independent liner

Accepted Values: A, B, C or D

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Select Approach

Liner Thickness Design

Liner design service life (years): t

Liner design service life (years): The platform will calculate the minimum design liner thickness (T_L) based on the service life (time in years) examined. Units are in years

Accepted Values: 0 to 100 years

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Estimate Service Life

Liner thickness (mm): T_L

Liner thickness (mm): The service life of the lined pipe is estimated based on the liner thickness selected. Units are in mm. Liner thickness can be noted as just the reinforcing layer thickness (T_r) (for CIPP only) or total liner thickness (T_L), however this must be noted by the applicator to avoid interchanging of terms.

Accepted Values: 0 ≤ T_L ≤ 100 mm
Note: Thickness should be less than the internal radius of the pipe (D/2).

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Advanced Parameters (for the Liner) Click to show

Liner Properties:

Short-term tensile strength (hoop) (MPa): σ_th

Short-term tensile strength (hoop) (MPa): Short-term (initial) tensile strength of the liner (σ_t) (from wet testing – testing conducted with saturated specimens) is the ultimate tensile strength of the liner. Testing is conducted in both axial and hoop directions (if liner is bi-directional, where subscript h is in the hoop direction and subscript a is in the axial direction). Testing is conducted from tensile tests (AS 1145 2001, ASTM D638 2014, ASTM D3039 2017) and units are in MPa.

Accepted Values: 5 ≤ σ_th ≤ 500 MPa

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Short-term tensile strength (axial) (MPa): σ_ta

Short-term tensile strength (axial) (MPa): Short-term (initial) tensile strength of the liner (σ_t) (from wet testing – testing conducted with saturated specimens) is the ultimate tensile strength of the liner. Testing is conducted in both axial and hoop directions (if liner is bi-directional, where subscript h is in the hoop direction and subscript a is in the axial direction). Testing is conducted from tensile tests (AS 1145 2001, ASTM D638 2014, ASTM D3039 2017) and units are in MPa.

Accepted Values: 5 ≤ σ_ta ≤ 500 MPa

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Short-term tensile modulus (hoop) (GPa): E_th

Short-term tensile modulus (hoop) (GPa): Short-term (initial) tensile modulus of elasticity or Young’s modulus of the liner (E_t) (from wet testing – testing conducted with saturated specimens) is the stress divided by strain of the linear proportion of the stress strain curve. Testing is conducted in both axial and hoop directions (if liner is bidirectional, where subscript h is in the hoop direction and subscript a is in the axial direction). Testing is conducted from tensile tests (AS 1145 2001, ASTM D638 2014, ASTM D3039 2017) and units are in GPa.

Accepted Values: 0.01 ≤ E_th ≤ 100 GPa

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Short-term tensile modulus (axial) (GPa): E_ta

Short-term tensile modulus (axial) (GPa): Short-term (initial) tensile modulus of elasticity or Young’s modulus of the liner (E_t) (from wet testing – testing conducted with saturated specimens) is the stress divided by strain of the linear proportion of the stress strain curve. Testing is conducted in both axial and hoop directions (if liner is bidirectional, where subscript h is in the hoop direction and subscript a is in the axial direction). Testing is conducted from tensile tests (AS 1145 2001, ASTM D638 2014, ASTM D3039 2017) and units are in GPa.

Accepted Values: 0.01 ≤ E_ta ≤ 100 GPa

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Poisson’s ratio of liner: ν_L

Poisson’s ratio of liner: Poisson’s ratio is the measurement of deformation in pipe liner material in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the applied force. Units are dimensionless.

Accepted Values: 0.1 ≤ ν_L ≤ 0.5

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Coefficient of thermal expansion (mm/mm/°C): α

Coefficient of thermal expansion (mm/mm/°C): Coefficient of thermal expansion or contraction is the change in size with change in temperature. The units are in mm/mm/°C.

Accepted Values: 0 ≤ α ≤ 0.01

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Short-term flexural modulus (hoop) (GPa): E_fh

Short-term flexural modulus (hoop) (GPa): Short-term (initial) flexural modulus of elasticity or Young’s modulus of the liner (E_f) (from wet testing – testing conducted with saturated specimens) is the stress divided by strain of the linear proportion of the stress strain curve. Testing is conducted in both axial and hoop directions (if liner is bidirectional, where subscript h is in the hoop direction and subscript a is in the axial direction). Testing is conducted from flexural tests (ISO 14125 1998, AS 1145 2001, ASTM D790 2017) and units are in GPa.

Accepted Values: 0.01 ≤ E_fh ≤ 100 GPa

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Short-term flexural modulus (axial) (GPa): E_fa

Short-term flexural modulus (axial) (GPa): Short-term (initial) flexural modulus of elasticity or Young’s modulus of the liner (E_f) (from wet testing – testing conducted with saturated specimens) is the stress divided by strain of the linear proportion of the stress strain curve. Testing is conducted in both axial and hoop directions (if liner is bidirectional, where subscript h is in the hoop direction and subscript a is in the axial direction). Testing is conducted from flexural tests (ISO 14125 1998, AS 1145 2001, ASTM D790 2017) and units are in GPa.

Accepted Values: 0.01 ≤ E_fa ≤ 100 GPa

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Adhesion strength of the liner to host pipe substrate (MPa): σ_ad

Adhesion strength of the liner to host pipe substrate (MPa): Adhesion strength of the liner to host pipe substrate. Adhesion tested on a variety of surfaces, including CML (if CML lined pipe) shall be determined using any or all of the following standards: ASTM D4541 for metal, ASTM D7234 for AC and CML, or Pull off adhesion testing to AS 3894.9 for all CIPP classes that require adhesion for sealing (e.g. at ends or service connections) or bonding to the host pipe (Class C). Units are in MPa.

Accepted Values: 0 ≤ σ_ad ≤ 100 MPa

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Factor of Safety for imperfections: N_i

Factor of safety for liner imperfections: Factor of safety for liner imperfections (variable wall thickness in polymeric spray lining and folds in CIPP lining), depends on the imperfection type. The following factors of safety for liner imperfections can be used:
Uneven thickness (polymeric spray), N_i=1.5
Folds (CIPP), N_i=2

Accepted Values: 1 ≤ N_i ≤ 5

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Wet strength reduction factor: φ_s

Wet reduction factor: If the liner is subjected to plasticisation due to water saturation a wet strength reduction factor must be applied to reduce short-term and long-term strength properties. Ideally, testing should be conducted in wet conditions if liner plasticises when saturated. This is more common in polymeric spray liners than CIPP liners. The wet factor reduction ranges from 0.5-1, however the default value is set as 1 in the Monash Pipe Evaluation Platform as the tests are assumed to be conducted in water.

Accepted Values: 0.5 ≤ φ_s ≤ 1

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Cyclic surge or pressure transient properties:

Number of recurring cyclic surge pressure cycles per day: n_PC

Number of recurring cyclic surge pressure cycles per day (/day): Number of pressure transients per day are used to determine if the host pipe or liner will fail from fatigue. Consistent pressure transients may reduce the life of the host pipe and liner. The default value is set at 2 per day, for pump start-up and pump shutdown.
Accepted Values: 0 ≤ n_PC ≤ 100

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Primary pressure wave stress / secondary pressure wave stress: Δσ₀/Δσ₁

Primary pressure wave stress / secondary pressure wave stress: The magnitude of the initial pressure cycle wave stress (∆σ₀) divided by the magnitude of the secondary pressure cycle wave stress (∆σ₁). A value of 1 indicates the second pressure wave is as large as the first and is conservative.

Click to see the image Pressure explanations for more information.

Accepted Values: 1 to 5

Diagram of pressure types

(Click to see Theory Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Pressure transient factor: n_f

Pressure transient factor: A pressure transient factor (n_f) of 2 (conservative case) or the following equation is used to account for the second cycle onwards in a pressure transient.
n_f=1+1/((∆σ₀)/(∆σ₁))^3.2
Where n_f is the cyclic surge factor, ∆σ₀ is the primary pressure transient wave stress change and ∆σ₁ is the secondary pressure transient wave stress change.
Accepted Values: 1 to 2

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Total number of surge pressure cycles for service life of pipe/lined pipe: n_TPC

Total number of surge pressure cycles for service life of pipe/lined pipe: The total number of surge cycles or pressure transients expected for the service life of the pipe/lined pipe. The number is calculated from the number of recurring pressure transients per day multiplied by the number of days in the service life of the pipe multiplied by a cyclic surge factor.
n_TPC=n_f × n_PC × no. of days

Accepted Values: 0 ≤ n_TPC ≤ 10⁷

(Click to see User Manual - Lined pipe analysis for more information)

Reduction curves of liner long-term properties as a function of time due to deterioration:

Type of deterioration	Strength reduction		Creep modulus reduction				Fatigue strength reduction
Orientations	Hoop		Axial		Hoop		Hoop
Deteoriation Coefficients	x_l	c_l	x_lc	c_lc	x_lc	c_lc	x_lf	c_lf
Values

Host pipe material	Friction coefficient (f)
AC or CML	0.1–0.2
Metallic	0.3–0.4

Limit State	Value
Limit State 1:	-
Limit State 2:	-
Limit State 3.1:	-
Limit State 3.2:	-
Limit State 3.3:	-
Limit State 4:	-
Limit State 5:	-
Limit State 6:	-
Limit State 7:	-
Limit State 8:	-